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Energy Accounting and Impact Assessment Methods Academic Year 2023-2024 – Exam 1 – 24-01-2024 MS Forms: https://forms.office.com/e/Z5igwHHW1Z Question A (3 points) Briefly explain the main phases of Life Cycle Assessment. Question B (4 points) Define the Leontief Price (or Dual) model applied to a generic symmetric technology-by-technology input-output model. Problem A (8 points) The 2011 Supply and Use table of the World economy in hybrid units is provided in the “Problem A” tab of the Excel spreadsheet. The table presents commodities and activities. For what concerns commodities, “Products” are measured in 2011 million euro s, while “Material” and “Natural gas” in tons. “Treatment service” is represented in tons of processed material as a service. “Electricity” and “Other energy” are reported in TJ. Moreover, the table presents the following environmental transactions: “Value Added” (also reported in 2011 million euro s), and “CO 2” emissions, measured in tons. It is asked to: 1. (2 pt) After calculating coefficients matrices, apply the Leontief quantity model and c alculate the total commodities and total activities output for the baseline system . Select and justify a proper technology assumption. 2. (1 pt) Why do activities have no unit of measures? Why is the table not balanced? 3. (2 pt) Compute the carbon footprint and price of electricity in g/kWh and euro/kWh respectively. Consider the switch from gas boiler heating to heat pump for residential consumers. This policy would allow the displacement of 40% of baseline final demand of “Natural gas”. Consider the following data for assessing the impact of this policy: • Natural gas Lower Heating Value (LHV): 53.2 MJ/kg • Boiler efficiency: 0.95 • Emission factor for the combustion of natural gas (NG): 2.5 kgCO…