Completed notes of the course

Pagina 1

Contents 1 TIME V ARIANT ELECTRIC and MAGNETIC FIELDS 5 1.1 Stationary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.2 NON stationary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2 ELECTROMAGNETIC W A VES 11 2.1 EM WAVE EQUATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2 EM PLANE WAVES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.3 HARMONIC / MONOCHROMATIC PLANE WAVES . . . . . . . 16 2.4 STANDING WAVES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.5 HELMOLTZ EQUATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.6 OTHER PROPERTIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.6.1 Polarization of sinusoidal plane waves . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.6.2 Energy and intensity of em waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.6.3 Spherical waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.7 WAVE PACKET, PHASE and GROUP velocity . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.8 EMISSION by an ACCELERATED CHARGE . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.8.1 Radiation emission by an oscillating dipole . . . . . . . . . 31 2.9 FURTHER COMMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3 W A VE OPTICS 35 3.1 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.1.1 Boundary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.1.2 Reflection and refraction with two dielectric media . . . . . 37 3.1.3 Directions of reflected and refracted/transmitted waves . . 38 3.1.4 Intensity of reflected and refracted wave (Fresnel equations) 40 3.1.5 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3.1.6 Reflection on metallic surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3.2 DISPERSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3.3 INTERFERENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .…