Completed notes of the course

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Appunti lezione 14/09 SECTION 1: DEVELOPMENT HISTORY OF COOPERATION From the 1500, with the s tart of the colonization, until the 1945, with the end of the WW2, the other was barely seen as a human being (no attention to other was paid), the history of slavery lasted until the start of 1900, so not so far from us. Only after the WW2, in 1945 the growing need of peace and prosperity shows as the social and economic growth in less developed areas is an essential factor for the overall development (blend between self-interest and compassion) and is a specific responsibility of the international community (to not let anyone behind). To meet the needs of peace and security: - 1945: Organization of the United Nation (ONU) - 1948: Universal Declaration of Human Rights In 1944 the Bretton Woods system was introduced for commercial and financial relations among the states. In the same year was lunched the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. In 1948 we can see the first example of cooperation and development: Marshal Plan. It was a plan of big financial intervention (about 13 billion $) to help European states int the reconstruction and in the increase of their curre ncy reserves. It was also an important instrument of the American Policy, it consolidates the American influence among the western European states, avoiding the spread of the soviet influence in these areas. There is always a political side in cooperation because is a part of the foreign policy. It worked well, but we can’t neglect the fact that the European economies were already well developed before the WW2. In this case the need was the reconstruction, not the develop of a brand -new economic system. Between the two WWs the base for decolonization was posed. Decolonized countries reached…