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Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Energia Ingegneria e Cooperazione Tema d’Esame July, 10 2015 Question 1 (2 points) List the four paradigm s that characterize the evolution of the concept of development since the end of the 2nd World war. Briefly describe them. Question 2 (2 points) (i) Define what official development aid (ODA) is. (ii) Public ODA supports bilateral and multilateral governmental cooperation: describe them. Question 3 (2 points) Describe the positive and negative characteristics of non-governmental organizations (NGO). Question 4 (2 points) Define who the beneficiaries , the stakeholders and the partners are within the frame of a development cooperation project. Question 5 (2 points) List, in correct sequence, the Project Cycle Management steps. Also list the elements constituting the Identification phase and the elements constituting the Formulation phase. Question 6 (2 points) Describe the problem analysis aim and output. Also describe the main elements in the structure of the problem tree. Question 7 (2 points) Describe the Logical Framework Matrix by listing the contents of the columns and rows. Then introduce the general sequence to be followed in completing the LogFrame boxes. Question 8 (2 points) What is the Energy Ladder? Describe it with regards to the two main issues of the access to energy in Developing Countries. Question 9 (2 points) (i) What are the two approaches for rural electrification? (ii) List and describe which are the 4 elements currently promoting the spreading of small -scale, renewable -based systems, l ocated near to the consumers in developing countries. Question 10 (2 points) (i) Describe the 5 criteria of OECD -DAC. (ii) Which is the most challenging to assess and measure? Why? Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di…