Complete Course Notes ENG

Pagina 1

ENGINEERING FOR COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT a. INTRODUCTION Recently the connection between energy and development has been officially recognized. The Agenda 2030 and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals say that in an interconnected world multidisciplinary and multi-stakeholder approach is urgent. Moreover Goal 7 identifies in energy a necessary precondition for human and social promotion, as well as an instrumental right to fight poverty. Nowadays energy is not sufficient, affordable, efficient, reliable, safe and clean for all as it should be. This is a problem not only in developing countries but also in developed countries energy poverty is an issue: for sure the definition of poverty is not the same, in developed country “energy poverty” means that energy is not affordable for the people in this condition (no possible to pay electricity or heating bills). This objective means that new strategy to match economic growth, social inclusion and equity and environmental preservation needs to be developed. b. HISTORY OF COOPERATION The idea of cooperation began in 1945, after the II World War: the first action of real cooperation was the Marshall plan. Behind a cooperation action like this there are always many interests: first of all, assure development for a region is an advantage from the point of view of international stability; secondly the development is an occasion to expand the ideas of the helping country (this is the main purpose of the Marshall plan, to build a wall between USA and URSS); moreover, helping the development of a country (like Europe in the last ‘40s) allows to expand the trades of the “helper”. It is possible to see the history of cooperation like a timeline in which the value of the other increases:  Others do not exist  Other’s value is…