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21 Forme quadratiche

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LEZIONE21. 10.5.3023 Pb.Comedeciderelanaturaden punticritici Dobbiamovalutere(f--f(xit)- f(x) Lostrumento,sefèè Ta y l o r -PARENTESI:FORMEPUADRA TICHE Def.Undformaquadrativesu I"èuna funzionedeltipo: q(5)= q(h.,...,h)=IT A=dishih; deFtai?ee matricesimmetrica Es.5es. in129(h,h2)=ah+abhihatche (chieril A= I-I i)A= I237q(t)=b+h,sempre isA= Fosq(t)=- h- h2Sempreto I + 0 0 2 - il 1= [2Iq(t)=h,=a me paressere =0 perfocireades.I=10,1) in1-jq(t)=- h2 Io ua par T Aessere=0 perfocireades.I=10,1)I 2 Per4+= (1,0)8A= [o- 2]act)= n- rq(4+ 1=1 =0 4- =(0,1) q(t)20. Def.Unaformequadratief.9- e i)DEFINIT APOSITIVASe q(a)0 NERIto ii) 17 WEGA TIVAI +x0 L L i)SEMIDEFINIT APOSITIVASeq(LIoheq(5)=0 berqualchefo it CI WEGA TIVAn "EO " I olINDEFINIT ASE I Tt+.s.q(54)-0 -5 -+- c-q()=0. OSS.SpecificaresempreRWinan- soperaperte,f-q-ines.il e definitapositivein 2me semidef.inIR Comecapireingeneralecomeforme quadratica?CRITERIODEGLIAUTOVALORI EssendoAsimmetricedelteoreme spetraleAèdiagonalizzabileedammette er autovalorireali(purdicontarlicon l'opportunemolteplicita)e,....,n 2possiamotrovarewho baseautonormale didiautovettoriGir,-..., i = B Siai= hürdreShibrandeword. ditivellabaseeAlbra q(x)=n+ A= ()(ii)= -a)inSiria)(ii)# Idef-autovale autovettor & =xhä)(i)=(hi)Fallali,j=1 - i=1 -> Ei;{i?dedef.baseortnormale.

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