Formulas with comments

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Fonderia !=#$2&' <1+, '!"#$=ℎ '%&"!=.√ℎ+√ℎ−223' '()#*&=.4+$'!"#$+4++$'%&"!3,' #56 4+=7+7-&- 89:+;9+:6<5: >./=7?=7@0)* ! (70#- ,9 ,: #9:#ℎ:) >./≤>%&1)2)3 >./≤>)""#!!)#0. D5E9F9G9#HI956:: >.5=J0 K* LJ0: +96#+'M K=7D NH4<9 HF9H#:6<9: K/K=1,1÷1,3 S=K0#-K(#"-6 #--. T=70#-7(6"- T≥HS−#+2 KH<.#9E96F49#ℎ:: W='X Y=Z4K(87(6"-(4W+1)8W'\8 X0=]4Z 70#-W! '0=WX0 W&(-=0.5 @69+:: 9:≥2,5 `(&"-.#*)0#=;8`#*)0# ß modello Sovrametallo: + su superfici esterne, - su superfici interne Ritiro: va sempre sommato ma approx. eccesso su superfici esterne e approx difetto su superfici interne Deformazione: generali T3=ab* Tc3=ab*6+1 b=ln.@<@33 Laminazione ℎ6E6=ℎ=E= ℎ6!6=ℎ=!= `=√8 ∆ℎ g=h∆ℎ8i ∆2=0.35 ∆ℎ ∆2=`∆ℎℎ6 ∆2=∆ℎ6]8ℎ6 b=ln.ℎ<ℎ33 k+25##5: l≥<&g → ∆ℎ≤8 l' ∆ℎ0#>=8 l' ;#$=2√3Tc3n1+l `2ℎ0 o ℎ0=ℎ6+ℎ=2 p$=;#$ 2 ` K=p$`2 N=2 Kq=;#$ 2 !? ∆ℎ r=N <9+: <9+:=E0!? (ℎ6E6=ℎ0E0) \*6=-"#=8sing2+14∆ℎl JHE924H<u4H: v-&-=E=E6=@<@3 6=lnv-&-lnv) Imbutitura X!"6@@&=h4X#$ℎ+X#$' X8=X!"6@X(=*@<2 <X!≥0.01 &=1.1 < 8"#??,;=(5÷6)< 8"#??,'=(3÷4)< Nu6I56:: p=Z X(=*@ 80 < .X!"6@X(=*@−0.73 N4:+9E.: p=0.015 Z 8% xX!"'−(X(+2.2 <+2 8"#??)'y 80 sforzo massimo 8% sforzo snerv. 8"#?? raccordo Estrusione b>=H+2ln.@<@33 @<@3=4> ;)2=Tc3ln.@<@33 X94:<<H : ;",0#>=Tc3nb>+2`<X<o ;",#$=Tc3nb>+`<X<o k6!:4,H : ;",0#>=Tc3b> p0#>=a> ;" @< a>=0.98+0.02nJ>J?o','B |=;#$ `< Trafilatura 4=@<−@3@< @<@3≤:*C; 40#>=:*C;−1:*C; `?=X<−X32sing X=X<+X32 }=0.88+0.12X`? ~2=Tc3 1+ltangÇ} ln.@<@33 p=~2 @3 N=p !3 Forgiatura: Stampi aperti Concio cilindrico "#$%&$: (!=*" $"#$($%&) 8:HE:: p=a( T3 @=n1+0.4l 28ℎo T3 Z8' Concio rettangolare p=;#$ E= 2= (!=2√3*" $()*+,(%-. (/0=2√3*" .1+l ED2 ℎD1 Stampi chiusi p0#>=a( T3 @E#$# @E#$#=D+;:49+∙(++6) E=0.07D; E=0.0175 √D |=v p0#>∙# #=ℎ<−ℎ3 Tranciatura/Punzonatura p0#>=8-∙;:49+∙< p0#>)*?1.=p0#><'+< |=v p0#> < &=@! < X>=XF±2&…