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Probabilit a. Ingegneria Matematica - Prof. Marco Fuhrman - tema d'esame del 5/9/2016. Cognome: Nome: Matricola: Firma: I diritti d'autore sono riservati. Ogni sfruttamento commerciale non autorizzato sar a perseguito. 1. Siano X, Y due variabili aleatorie indipendenti. X ha distribuzione geometrica, e pre- cisamente P (X = m) = pm(1 − p) per ogni intero m ≥ 0 e per un parametro noto p ∈ (0, 1). Y prende i valori {0, 1, . . . , N} con uguale probabilit a (N ≥ 1  e un parametro intero, noto). Sia in ne Z = min(X, Y ). (a) Calcolare P (X ≤ 4.3). Pi u in generale calcolare P (X ≤ k + 0.3) per ogni intero k ≥ 0. (b) Calcolare P (Z = 0). (c) X e Z sono indipendenti? (d) Calcolare P (X ≥ Y ). (e) Calcolare la legge di Z. Soluzione. (a) P (X ≤ 4.3) = P (X ≤ 4) = 1 − P (X ≥ 5) = 1 − ∑∞ m=5 pm(1 − p) = 1 − p5(1 − p) ∑∞ m=0 pm = 1 − p5. Analogamente P (X ≤ k + 0.3) = 1 − P (X ≥ k + 1)] = 1 − pk+1. (b) P (Z = 0) = 1 − P (Z > 0) = 1 − P (X > 0, Y > 0) = 1 − P (X > 0)P (Y > 0). Poich e P (X > 0) = 1 − P (X = 0) = p e P (Y > 0) = 1 − P (Y = 0) = 1 − 1 N +1 si ha P (Z = 0) = 1 − pN N +1 . (c) No, ad esempio perch eP (Z = 0, X = 0) = P (X = 0) = 1 − p ̸= P (Z = 0)P (X = 0) = [1 − pN N +1 ] [1 − p]. (d) P (X ≥ Y ) = ∑N k=0 P (X ≥ Y, Y = k) e poich e P (X ≥ Y, Y = k) = P (X ≥ k, Y = k) = P (X ≥ k)P (Y = k) = pk 1 N + 1 si ha P (X ≥ Y ) = N∑ k=0 pk 1 N + 1 = 1 − pN +1 (N + 1)(1 − p) . (e) Z prende i valori k = 0, . . . , N con probabilit a P (Z = k) = P (Z = k, Y ≤ X) + P (Z = k, Y > X ) = P (Y = k, Y ≤ X) + P (X = k, Y > X ) = P (Y = k, k ≤ X) + P (X = k, Y > k ) = P (Y = k)P (k ≤ X) + P (X = k)P (Y > k ) = 1 N + 1 pk + pk(1 − p) N − k N + 1 = pk N + 1 [1 + (1 − p)(N − k)]. 1 2. Si consideri la seguente funzione, dipendente da un parametro λ > 0: f(x) = 2 λ ( 1 − x λ )…

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